Occupational therapists may work exclusively with individuals in a particular age group or with a particular disability. Occupational therapists help patients improve their ability to perform tasks in living and working environments. They work with individuals who suffer from a mentally, physically, developmentally, or emotionally disabling condition. Occupational therapists in mental health settings treat individuals who are mentally ill, developmentally challenged, or emotionally disturbed. To treat these problems, therapists choose activities that help people learn to engage in and cope with daily life.

Depending on the person’s needs, occupational therapists may suggest strategies relating to clients’ daily activities, using equipment and making adaptations to the home or workplace, leisure and social activities, coping skills, work and study. Occupational therapists play an important role in helping workers return to work following an injury or illness, including stress. A physical therapist has to be sensitive not only to the physical limitations of his patients but to their emotional limitations as well. Treatment often includes exercise, especially for patients who have been immobilized or who lack flexibility, strength, or endurance. Physical therapists encourage patients to use their muscles to increase their flexibility and range of motion.